लोनिया-Portulaca Oleracea
Thursday, July 14, 2016
लोनिया का साग, नोनिया, कुलफा जंगली, खुरफा, आदि के नामों से मशहूर एक छोटी पत्ती का पौधा है जो जून जुलाई के माह में खेतों में, सड़कों के किनारे, खाली पड़ी जगहों पर जमता है. इसकी शाखें लाल, पत्तियां छोटी छोटी और मांसल होती हैं. इसकी बड़ी वैराइटी कुलफा के साग के नाम से बाज़ारों में मिलती है. लोग इस जंगली वैराइटी को भी खाने में इस्तेमाल करते हैं. इसका मज़ा खट्टापन लिए होता है. इसके पालक से अधिक अकजेलिक एसिड पाया जाता है. गुर्दे की पथरी के मरीजों को इसे इस्तेमाल नहीं करना चाहिए.
ये स्वभाव से ठंडा होता है और जिगर को शक्ति देता है. इसका इस्तेमाल हाथों पैरों के कम्पन में फायदेमंद है. लोनिया में पीले फूल खिलते हैं. ध्यान रहे के इस पौधे को लुनिया के पौधे से कन्फ्यूज़ न करें जो घरों में अपने विभिन्न रंगों के फूलों के लिए लगाया जाता है.
लोनिया बाज़ार वाले कुलफा के साग की छोटी और जंगली नस्ल है. ये गरीबों का खान है. देहात में इसका साग बड़े चाव से खाया जाता है.
सूजन की जगह इसकी पत्तियों को पीस कर लगाने से ठंडक पड़ जाती है. फोड़ा अगर हो तो बैठ जाता है या फिर पककर फूट जाता है.
सर दर्द जो गर्मी से हो में इसके पत्तियों का लेप माथे पर लगाने से फायेदा होता है.
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Purslane
Scientific Name(s): Portulaca Oleracea
L. Family: Portulacaceae (Purslane)
Common Name(s): Purslane , garden (common) purslane , pigweed , ma chi xian (Chinese), munyeroo , portulaca , pusley , pussly
Uses :
Purslane has been used as a vegetable source of omega-3 fatty acids and is high in vitamins and minerals. It possesses marked antioxidant activity. Roles in abnormal uterine bleeding, asthma, type 2 diabetes, and oral lichen planus are suggested; however, clinical studies are limited and diverse in nature.
Dosing :
Limited clinical studies are available to provide dosage guidelines; however, powdered seeds have been taken at 5 to 30 g daily in divided doses, as well as both ethanol and aqueous purslane extracts. One hundred grams of fresh purslane leaves yields approximately 300 to 400 mg of alpha linolenic acid.
Contraindications
Contraindications have not been identified.
Pregnancy/Lactation
Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking.
Interactions
None well documented.
Adverse Reactions
Limited clinical studies have not reported clinically important adverse effects. Effects on uterine contractions are contradictory.
Toxicology
Studies are lacking.
Botany
The purslane family includes several fleshy plants. P. oleracea is an herbaceous, succulent annual growing 10 to 30 cm tall and preferring sandy soil and warmer conditions. It is sometimes considered a weed because of its invasive growth patterns. It has reddish-brown stems, alternate wedge-shaped leaves, clusters of yellow flowers containing 4 to 6 petals that bloom in summer, and numerous black, shiny, and rough seeds. The botanical name is derived from the Latin potare , meaning to “carry,” and lac or “milk,” referring to the milky sap of the plant. Synonyms are Portulaca neglecta Mack. & Bush and Portulaca retusa Engelm. This plant (also known as little hogweed) should not be confused with giant hogweed ( Heracleum mantegazzianum ). 1 , 2 , 3
History
In ancient times, purslane was used to protect against evil spirits. Purslane's medicinal use dates back at least 2,000 years, but it was used as food well before this period. Traditional medicinal uses for purslane are broad. Ancient Romans used purslane to treat dysentery, intestinal worms, headache, and stomachache. The Chinese, French, Italians, and English also used purslane as a food source. 2 , 4
Chemistry
Purslane is considered a rich vegetable source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants, including tocopherol, ascorbic acid, beta carotene, and glutathione. 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 The alpha-linolenic acid content varies with cultivar, geography, and environmental factors, with leaves having a greater percentage than seeds and stems. 8 , 10 The plant's bright yellow flowers are of interest in the food industry because of the nitrogen-containing betalain pigments. 11 , 12
Purslane also contains carbohydrates, lipids, glycosides, alkaloids (including oleraceins), sterols, coumarins, triterpenes, and flavonoids. 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 Phenolic constituents of the plant include scopoletin, bergapten, isopimpinellin, lonchocarpic acid, robustin, genistein, and others. 17 Amino acids in the leaves of the Portulaca species include phenylalanine, alanine, tyrosine, and aspartate. 18 Plant acids include citric, malic, ascorbic, succinic, fumaric, and acetic acids. 19 The volatile oil of P. oleracea has also been studied and contains mainly linalool and 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol. 20
Purslane is a rich source of vitamins A, B, C, and E and is high in carotenoid content, including beta-carotene. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, folate, lithium, and melatonin are also present. 2 , 6 , 7 , 9
Uses and Pharmacology
CNS effects
Effects of both ethanol and aqueous extracts of purslane are attributed in part to observed antioxidant activity. Both histological and biochemical studies have shown free-radical scavenging activity, as well as reduced lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase, and consequent reduced oxidative stress. 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 Reduced inflammation consequent to hypoxic injury has been demonstrated with administration of purslane extracts. 24 Other proposed mechanisms include increased glycolysis and adenosine triphosphate levels and promotion of endogenous erythropoietin. 25 , 26 Experimental studies report levels of noradrenaline and dopamine in the leaves, stems, and seeds of less than 1%, but no anticholinesterase activity for either ethanol or water extracts. 22 , 27
Animal data
Limited experiments conducted in mice have demonstrated neuroprotective effects against induced hypoxic injury by ethanol extracts and betacyanins. Cognition improved and anxiety was reduced in behavioral tests, and histology and biochemical measurements showed neuroprotective properties. 24 , 25 , 28 , 29
Clinical data
Research reveals no clinical data regarding the use of purslane for neuroprotective effects or other CNS conditions.
Other animal or laboratory experiments
In vitro studies demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against cisplatin-induced injury, 30 activity against human hepatoma and cervical cancer cell lines, 15 and increased proliferation of thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes. 21 Purslane has been reported to possess antifungal, vermicidal, and antiviral effects. 16 , 17 , 31 Experiments in mice showed increased wound-healing rates with topical applications of crude fresh plant extracts 3 and reduced severity of induced-gastric ulcers with ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts. 32 Studies in chickens fed purslane have shown improved feed efficiency with reduced body weight and increased egg production. There was no change in the cholesterol content of the eggs, but there was an increase in omega-3 fatty acid content. 33 Circulating levels of melatonin have been increased in chickens and rats fed purslane. 9
Other Clinical Studies
Abnormal uterine bleeding :
A small clinical study (N = 10) evaluated the efficacy of purslane seeds and found reductions in duration and volume of uterine bleeding.
Asthma :
A small clinical trial (N = 13) evaluated the bronchodilatory effect of oral purslane extract compared with that of oral theophylline and inhaled salbutamol. Purslane extract showed improvements in pulmonary function tests similar to those of theophylline.
Diabetes :
A small clinical trial (N = 30) evaluated the effect of purslane seeds in type 2 diabetes. At 8 weeks, improvements in serum insulin and triglycerides were noted, as well as improvements in liver function tests.
Oral lichen planus
Oral purslane performed better than placebo in treating oral lichen planus when administered daily at 235 mg of purslane extract. 37
Dosage :
Dosing
100 g of fresh purslane leaves yields approximately 300 to 400 mg of alpha linolenic acid. 9
Limited clinical studies are available to provide dosage guidelines; however, the following dosages have been used: one clinical study used 0.25 mL/kg body weight of a 5% aqueous extract for bronchodilatory effect 35 ; in type 2 diabetes, 5 g of powdered seeds were taken twice daily over 8 weeks 36 ; a daily dose of 235 mg ethanol extract of purslane was used to treat oral lichen planus; in abnormal uterine bleeding, powdered seeds were taken at a dose of 5 g every 4 hours for 3 days.
Pregnancy/Lactation
Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking. Effects on uterine contractions are contradictory and poorly evaluated; judicious use is warranted.
Interactions
None well documented.
Adverse Reactions
Clinical studies are limited; however, no clinically important adverse events have been reported in these trials. Older references suggest increases in kidney filtration rates and increased urine production, but these have not been further evaluated.
Toxicology
Studies are lacking; however, a toxicology study of Portulaca grandiflora Hook, a related species, found no evidence of toxicity on histology, hematology, or biochemistry.
स्रोत : https://www.drugs.com/npp/purslane.html
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नोनिया, लोनिया
Botanical name: Portulaca quadrifida
Common Name: Chicken weed, Wild purslane
Common Name: Chota Nunya, Goddu Pavelli (Telugu), Lunki Buti, Wild Purslane, Nunya Ka Sag, Bhuichauli, பசலை கீறை Pasalai Keerai (Tamil), Neelakeera, Chicken Weed, Khatechanva1, Siru pasalai, Tharai pasalai
Family: Portulacaceae
Synonyms: Portulaca geniculata, Portulaca meridian, Portulaca Formosan, Portulaca repens
Ayurvedic uses:
आयुर्वेदिक उपयोग:
कई अफ्रीकी देशों में पारंपरिक रूप से पत्तेदार सब्जी और अकाल भोजन के रूप में यूगांडा, केन्या, घाना, नाइजीरिया, जाम्बिया, के रूप में इस्तेमाल किया जाता है। कुसुम और डरोशे इलाकों में, जब बड़ी मात्रा में और / या लंबे समय तक खपत होती है, तो एनीमिया और शरीर की कमज़ोरी का कारण बताता है।
नोनिया, लोनिया
वानस्पतिक नाम: पोर्टलुका क्वाड्रिफिडा
सामान्य नाम: चिकन घास, जंगली पीछा
सामान्य नाम: छोटा नून्या, देवदू पावेली (तेलुगू), लुनकी बुटी, जंगली पर्सलेन, नून्या का साग, भुईचौली, इलाका पासलई केरई (तमिल), नीलकेरा, चिकन खरपतवार, खतचनवा 1, सिरु पसाली, थारै पसालाई
परिवार: पोर्टलैकैसी
समानार्थक शब्द: पोर्टलुला जनकुलता, पोर्टलुका मेरिडियन, पोर्टुलाका फॉर्मोसैन, पोर्टुलाका रिपेंस
=====
Purslane
Scientific Name(s): Portulaca Oleracea
L. Family: Portulacaceae (Purslane)
Common Name(s): Purslane , garden (common) purslane , pigweed , ma chi xian (Chinese), munyeroo , portulaca , pusley , pussly
Uses :
Purslane has been used as a vegetable source of omega-3 fatty acids and is high in vitamins and minerals. It possesses marked antioxidant activity. Roles in abnormal uterine bleeding, asthma, type 2 diabetes, and oral lichen planus are suggested; however, clinical studies are limited and diverse in nature.
Dosing :
Limited clinical studies are available to provide dosage guidelines; however, powdered seeds have been taken at 5 to 30 g daily in divided doses, as well as both ethanol and aqueous purslane extracts. One hundred grams of fresh purslane leaves yields approximately 300 to 400 mg of alpha linolenic acid.
Contraindications
Contraindications have not been identified.
Pregnancy/Lactation
Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking.
Interactions
None well documented.
Adverse Reactions
Limited clinical studies have not reported clinically important adverse effects. Effects on uterine contractions are contradictory.
Toxicology
Studies are lacking.
Botany
The purslane family includes several fleshy plants. P. oleracea is an herbaceous, succulent annual growing 10 to 30 cm tall and preferring sandy soil and warmer conditions. It is sometimes considered a weed because of its invasive growth patterns. It has reddish-brown stems, alternate wedge-shaped leaves, clusters of yellow flowers containing 4 to 6 petals that bloom in summer, and numerous black, shiny, and rough seeds. The botanical name is derived from the Latin potare , meaning to “carry,” and lac or “milk,” referring to the milky sap of the plant. Synonyms are Portulaca neglecta Mack. & Bush and Portulaca retusa Engelm. This plant (also known as little hogweed) should not be confused with giant hogweed ( Heracleum mantegazzianum ). 1 , 2 , 3
History
In ancient times, purslane was used to protect against evil spirits. Purslane's medicinal use dates back at least 2,000 years, but it was used as food well before this period. Traditional medicinal uses for purslane are broad. Ancient Romans used purslane to treat dysentery, intestinal worms, headache, and stomachache. The Chinese, French, Italians, and English also used purslane as a food source. 2 , 4
Chemistry
Purslane is considered a rich vegetable source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants, including tocopherol, ascorbic acid, beta carotene, and glutathione. 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 The alpha-linolenic acid content varies with cultivar, geography, and environmental factors, with leaves having a greater percentage than seeds and stems. 8 , 10 The plant's bright yellow flowers are of interest in the food industry because of the nitrogen-containing betalain pigments. 11 , 12
Purslane also contains carbohydrates, lipids, glycosides, alkaloids (including oleraceins), sterols, coumarins, triterpenes, and flavonoids. 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 Phenolic constituents of the plant include scopoletin, bergapten, isopimpinellin, lonchocarpic acid, robustin, genistein, and others. 17 Amino acids in the leaves of the Portulaca species include phenylalanine, alanine, tyrosine, and aspartate. 18 Plant acids include citric, malic, ascorbic, succinic, fumaric, and acetic acids. 19 The volatile oil of P. oleracea has also been studied and contains mainly linalool and 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol. 20
Purslane is a rich source of vitamins A, B, C, and E and is high in carotenoid content, including beta-carotene. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, folate, lithium, and melatonin are also present. 2 , 6 , 7 , 9
Uses and Pharmacology
CNS effects
Effects of both ethanol and aqueous extracts of purslane are attributed in part to observed antioxidant activity. Both histological and biochemical studies have shown free-radical scavenging activity, as well as reduced lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase, and consequent reduced oxidative stress. 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 Reduced inflammation consequent to hypoxic injury has been demonstrated with administration of purslane extracts. 24 Other proposed mechanisms include increased glycolysis and adenosine triphosphate levels and promotion of endogenous erythropoietin. 25 , 26 Experimental studies report levels of noradrenaline and dopamine in the leaves, stems, and seeds of less than 1%, but no anticholinesterase activity for either ethanol or water extracts. 22 , 27
Animal data
Limited experiments conducted in mice have demonstrated neuroprotective effects against induced hypoxic injury by ethanol extracts and betacyanins. Cognition improved and anxiety was reduced in behavioral tests, and histology and biochemical measurements showed neuroprotective properties. 24 , 25 , 28 , 29
Clinical data
Research reveals no clinical data regarding the use of purslane for neuroprotective effects or other CNS conditions.
Other animal or laboratory experiments
In vitro studies demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against cisplatin-induced injury, 30 activity against human hepatoma and cervical cancer cell lines, 15 and increased proliferation of thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes. 21 Purslane has been reported to possess antifungal, vermicidal, and antiviral effects. 16 , 17 , 31 Experiments in mice showed increased wound-healing rates with topical applications of crude fresh plant extracts 3 and reduced severity of induced-gastric ulcers with ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts. 32 Studies in chickens fed purslane have shown improved feed efficiency with reduced body weight and increased egg production. There was no change in the cholesterol content of the eggs, but there was an increase in omega-3 fatty acid content. 33 Circulating levels of melatonin have been increased in chickens and rats fed purslane. 9
Other Clinical Studies
Abnormal uterine bleeding :
A small clinical study (N = 10) evaluated the efficacy of purslane seeds and found reductions in duration and volume of uterine bleeding.
Asthma :
A small clinical trial (N = 13) evaluated the bronchodilatory effect of oral purslane extract compared with that of oral theophylline and inhaled salbutamol. Purslane extract showed improvements in pulmonary function tests similar to those of theophylline.
Diabetes :
A small clinical trial (N = 30) evaluated the effect of purslane seeds in type 2 diabetes. At 8 weeks, improvements in serum insulin and triglycerides were noted, as well as improvements in liver function tests.
Oral lichen planus
Oral purslane performed better than placebo in treating oral lichen planus when administered daily at 235 mg of purslane extract. 37
Dosage :
Dosing
100 g of fresh purslane leaves yields approximately 300 to 400 mg of alpha linolenic acid. 9
Limited clinical studies are available to provide dosage guidelines; however, the following dosages have been used: one clinical study used 0.25 mL/kg body weight of a 5% aqueous extract for bronchodilatory effect 35 ; in type 2 diabetes, 5 g of powdered seeds were taken twice daily over 8 weeks 36 ; a daily dose of 235 mg ethanol extract of purslane was used to treat oral lichen planus; in abnormal uterine bleeding, powdered seeds were taken at a dose of 5 g every 4 hours for 3 days.
Pregnancy/Lactation
Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking. Effects on uterine contractions are contradictory and poorly evaluated; judicious use is warranted.
Interactions
None well documented.
Adverse Reactions
Clinical studies are limited; however, no clinically important adverse events have been reported in these trials. Older references suggest increases in kidney filtration rates and increased urine production, but these have not been further evaluated.
Toxicology
Studies are lacking; however, a toxicology study of Portulaca grandiflora Hook, a related species, found no evidence of toxicity on histology, hematology, or biochemistry.
स्रोत : https://www.drugs.com/npp/purslane.html
-----------
नोनिया, लोनिया
Botanical name: Portulaca quadrifida
Common Name: Chicken weed, Wild purslane
Common Name: Chota Nunya, Goddu Pavelli (Telugu), Lunki Buti, Wild Purslane, Nunya Ka Sag, Bhuichauli, பசலை கீறை Pasalai Keerai (Tamil), Neelakeera, Chicken Weed, Khatechanva1, Siru pasalai, Tharai pasalai
Family: Portulacaceae
Synonyms: Portulaca geniculata, Portulaca meridian, Portulaca Formosan, Portulaca repens
Ayurvedic uses:
आयुर्वेदिक उपयोग:
- Plant use in skin diseases and diseases of the kidneys, bladder, and lungs.
- त्वचा रोगों और गुर्दे, मूत्राशय और फेफड़ों के रोगों में संयंत्र का उपयोग करें।
- Uses of seeds and leaves similar to those of Portulaca oleracea.
- पेरूलाका ओलेरैसिया के समान बीज और पत्तियों के उपयोग
- Used for asthma, cough, urinary discharges, inflammations and ulcers.
- अस्थमा, खांसी, मूत्र विच्छेदन, सूजन और अल्सर के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है
- Poultice of plant applied to erysipelas, hemorrhoids and abdominal complaints.
- पौधे का पोलटिस एरीसीपेलस, बवासीर और पेट की शिकायतों पर लागू होता है।
- In Guam, plant is used as an antiscorbutic.
- गुआम में, पौधे को एक एंटीकोस्कोबिक के रूप में प्रयोग किया जाता है
- In Egypt, bruised leaves are used as an anticephalic.
- मिस्र में चोट लगने वाली पत्तियों का उपयोग एन्सेसेफेलिक के रूप में किया जाता है
- Zulus use a plant infusion as an emetic.
- ज़ुल्लू उबकाई के रूप में एक पौधे आसव का उपयोग करता है।
Used as traditionally leafy vegetable and famine food in many African countries as Uganda, Kenya, Ghana, Nigeria, Zambia, among others. In the Kusume and Derashe areas, when consumed in larger quantity and/or for prolonged periods of time, reported causing anemia and body weakness.कई अफ्रीकी देशों में पारंपरिक रूप से पत्तेदार सब्जी और अकाल भोजन के रूप में यूगांडा, केन्या, घाना, नाइजीरिया, जाम्बिया, के रूप में इस्तेमाल किया जाता है। कुसुम और डरोशे इलाकों में, जब बड़ी मात्रा में और / या लंबे समय तक खपत होती है, तो एनीमिया और शरीर की कमज़ोरी का कारण बताता है।
नोनिया, लोनिया
वानस्पतिक नाम: पोर्टलुका क्वाड्रिफिडा
सामान्य नाम: चिकन घास, जंगली पीछा
सामान्य नाम: छोटा नून्या, देवदू पावेली (तेलुगू), लुनकी बुटी, जंगली पर्सलेन, नून्या का साग, भुईचौली, इलाका पासलई केरई (तमिल), नीलकेरा, चिकन खरपतवार, खतचनवा 1, सिरु पसाली, थारै पसालाई
परिवार: पोर्टलैकैसी
समानार्थक शब्द: पोर्टलुला जनकुलता, पोर्टलुका मेरिडियन, पोर्टुलाका फॉर्मोसैन, पोर्टुलाका रिपेंस
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